1931 - Born on August 8th in Colchester, Essex, England. British mathematician and relativist who in the 1960s calculated many of the basic features of black holes.
1957 - After obtaining a Ph.D. in algebraic geometry from the University of Cambridge, Penrose held temporary posts at a number of universities in both England and America.
1964-1973 - He served as reader and eventually professor of applied mathematics at Birkbeck College, London.
- He held the Rouse-Ball chair of mathematics at the University of Oxford.
- With Stephen Hawking, Penrose proved that all matter within a black hole collapses to a singularity, a geometric point in space where mass is compressed to infinite density and zero volume.
- Penrose also developed a method of mapping the regions of space-time surrounding a black hole. (Space-time is a four-dimensional continuum comprising three dimensions of space and one of time.) Such a map, which is called a Penrose diagram, allows one to visualize the effects of gravitation upon an entity approaching a black hole.
1989 - Wrote "The Emperor's New Mind".
1994 - He was knighted for his services to science.