US mining engineer and Republican politician
Secretary of Commerce 1921-1928
31st president of US 1929-1933
after 1929 stock market crash, attempted unsuccessfully and belatedly to deal with Great Depression, providing some assistance to businesses, including establishment of Reconstruction Finance Corporation 1932, but declining to provide direct federal relief to the unemployed
signed Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act 1930
ordered dispersal of Bonus Army encampment in Washington DC 1932
signed Norris-La Guardia Act 1932
Republican presidential candidate 1932
vocal opponent of Franklin Roosevelt's policies, especially New Deal programs and diplomatic recognition of Soviet Union
coordinator of Food Supply for World Famine 1946-1947
chairman of Commission on Organization of the Executive Branch of the Government (1st Hoover Commission) 1947-1949
chairman of Commission on Government Operations (2nd Hoover Commission) 1953-1955
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