Jackson, Andrew(Old Hickory, King Andrew I)

US general and Democratic politician

Representative from Tennessee 1796-1797

Senator from Tennessee 1797-1798, 1823-1825

justice of Tennessee Superior Court 1798-1804

fought in War of 1812 1812-1815

defeated Creeks at battle of Horseshoe Bend 1814

defeated British at battle of New Orleans 1815

fought in First Seminole War 1817-1818

military governor of Florida territory 1821

chairman of Senate Military Affairs Committee 1823-1825

Democratic-Republican presidential candidate 1824

7th president of US 1829-1837

extended use of spoils system in federal hiring

forced Native American tribes to leave southeastern US and resettle on western reservations, pursuant to Indian Removal Act of 1830

when South Carolina refused to accede to federal tariff laws, denounced South Carolina's Ordinance of Nullification 1832 and asserted federal power to collect import duties in South Carolina by armed force

vetoed bill to recharter of 2nd Bank of US 1832, causing Bank to dissolve upon expiration of existing charter 1836

gave diplomatic recognition to newly independent Republic of Texas 1836

issued Specie Circular 1836, requiring federal lands to be bought only with gold or silver, helping to precipitate Panic of 1837

• "One man with courage makes a majority."
• "Take time to deliberate; but when the time for action arrives, stop thinking and go in."